Jean Vigo was a French film director who helped establish poetic realism in film in the 1930s; he was a posthumous influence on the French New Wave of the late 1950s and early 1960s.

Vigo was born to Emily Clero and the prominent Catalan militant anarchist Eugeni Bonaventura de Vigo i Sallés (who adopted the name Miguel Almereyda—an anagram of "y'a la merde", which translates as "there's shit"). Much of Jean's early life was spent on the run with his parents. His father was imprisoned and murdered in Fresnes Prison on 13 August 1917. The young Vigo was subsequently sent to boarding school under an assumed name, Jean Sales, to conceal his identity.