Jiří Brdečka (24 December 1917 – 2 June 1982) was a Czech writer, artist, and film director.

Brdečka was born in Hranice (then in Austria-Hungary) to a literary family, as his father, Otakar Brdečka (1881 – 1930), was a writer under the pseudonym Alfa. Brdečka studied philosophy and aesthetics at Charles University in Prague until the German occupation of Czechoslovakia forced the closing of the school in 1939. He then became an administrative clerk at the Prague Municipal Museum and found occasional work as a newspaper journalist and cartoonist.